Bibliografía - aprendizaje de vocabulario

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El presente trabajo pretende concienciar a los profesores de segundas lenguas de la importancia del adecuado manejo de los libros de texto, para favorecer una enseñanza eficaz del vocabulario. Para ello, proponemos un análisis de manuales a partir de dos propiedades esenciales del aprendizaje léxico: la profundidad del procesamiento y la práctica distribuida, también denominada reciclaje. Ambos aspectos se han examinado en el tratamiento de diez adverbios transitivos de relación locativa en catorce manuales de español como lengua extranjera (ELE) de niveles iniciales. A través de estos datos, podremos valorar si los libros de texto favorecen la integración de estos adverbios en la memoria a largo plazo y proponer algunas sugerencias para su introducción en el aula.

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This study aims to raise the awareness of language teachers about the adequate use of textbooks in the classroom, in order to promote efficient vocabulary teaching practices. Therefore, we propose a procedure for textbook analysis that is based on two essential properties of lexical learning: depth of processing and spaced practice, or recycling. We exemplify this procedure by analyzing the treatment reserved to ten location adverbs in fourteen elementary Spanish language learning textbooks. Based on those data, we evaluate to what extent the textbooks that we analyzed promote a long-term storage of a form-meaning relation for these adverbs and we offer som

VV. AA. (2021)

Spanish Vocabulary Learning in Meaning-Oriented Instruction is the first comprehensive overview of current research and instructional practices into Spanish vocabulary acquisition through the lens of Meaning-Oriented Instruction (MOI).

Contenidos

  • Introduction: Meaning and Vocabulary: Two Key Elements of Spanish Language Teaching
    Joe Barcroft and Javier Muñoz-Basols
  • 1. Identifying Target Spanish Vocabulary: Issues of Regional Variation
    Manuel Díaz-Campos and Laura Merino
  • 2. Input, Tasks, and Processing Specificity in Spanish Vocabulary Learning
    Joe Barcroft
  • 3. Incidental Learning of L2 Spanish Vocabulary
    María Pilar Agustín-Llach
  • 4. Acquisition of Idiomatic Language in L2 Spanish
    Frank Boers and Javier Muñoz-Basols
  • 5. Lexicographic Perspectives and L2 Spanish Vocabulary
    Antoni Nomdedeu Rull
  • 6. Quality of Lexicosemantic Representation in L2 Spanish
    Gretchen Sunderman and Jamile Forcelini
  • 7. Testing L2 Spanish Vocabulary Knowledge
    Ignacio Rodríguez Sánchez
  • 8. Receptive and Productive Vocabulary Levels Tests for L2 Spanish
    Paul Chandler

This study reports on vocabulary learning through service-learning (SL) where Spanish L2 learners participated in a story-time program with bilingual children. The descriptive, observational, and qualitative analysis of data sources (e.g., journals, vocabulary assessments) describes language learning “sowing” events (van Lier 2000) that supported vocabulary learning/teaching goals: extending learners’ meaningful use of the target language, increasing their usable vocabulary, and equipping them with strategies to take charge of their own lexical development (Nation 2013). Framed through sociocultural perspectives, findings show that learners retained vocabulary targeted through their service as a result of doing with the language in a context in which language exchanges were meaningful, creative, and unscripted. Moreover, the activity’s demands required that learners discover new mediational means, which promoted the evolution of their vocabulary learning strategies from conventional practices to more diversified, complex, and involved ones.

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Este estudio describe el aprendizaje de vocabulario de un grupo de estudiantes de español como segundo idioma al participar en un programa de lectura para niños bilingües implementado como un proyecto de aprendizaje a través del servicio. Para el análisis, se examinaron de forma cualitativa varias fuentes de datos a fin de identificar lo que van Lier (2000) calificó como “momentos de siembra” en el proceso de aprendizaje, así como aspectos de la experiencia que fomentaran las metas referidas a la enseñanza del vocabulario (Nation 2013). Los resultados fueron interpretados desde una perspectiva sociocultural y demostraron que los estudiantes retuvieron el vocabulario que les permitió lograr algo por medio de la lengua en un contexto en donde las interacciones lingüísticas fueron significativas, creativas y espontáneas. También, los estudiantes descubrieron nuevos métodos de mediación al incorporar estrategias de aprendizaje más diversas, complejas y aplicadas.

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Multimodal input – which combines written, auditory, and/or visual modalities – is pervasive in everyday life and could serve as a source of rich input in language teaching. In recent years, research has determined that vocabulary learning is one of the clear benefits of being exposed to such input. Regrettably, only a handful of studies have investigated whether and how second language (L2) teachers approach multimodal input in teaching. To further contribute to the research–practice dialogue, we examined factors that influence L2 teachers’ use of multimodal input in L2 teaching. This qualitative case study presents an in-depth analysis of interview data derived from 21 practitioners in various L2 teaching contexts globally. Following three rounds of data analysis, 24 factors were identified and are presented in four themes. The results indicate that teachers: (1) paid close attention to their students’ needs and goals; (2) drew on their own learning and teaching experiences and training supported by research-based practices; (3) relied on sound pedagogical principles; and (4) faced a number of contextual challenges relevant to their curricula and teaching contexts.

The benefits of corrective feedback (CF) for second language (L2) learning are empirically attested, and multiple factors mediating CF effectiveness have been investigated. However, the timing of oral CF has received less attention given most research examines corrections provided immediately after an error. Delayed CF also warrants investigation; it occurs naturally in L2 classrooms and may be an appealing alternative in online learning contexts. Existing CF timing research shows either no significant differences between immediate and delayed CF, or advantages for immediate CF. To elucidate mixed findings, more CF timing studies are needed, especially those considering the effects of factors such as CF type, linguistic target and communication mode. Regarding communication mode, the effect of CF timing on errors made during text-based synchronous computer-mediated communication (SCMC), for instance, has received less attention. Examining text-based SCMC is important given its empirically attested benefits for L2 learning, and in some cases its advantage over face-to-face interaction for fostering CF effectiveness. Investigating the role of CF timing on errors made in text-based SCMC will contribute to efforts to maximize CF effectiveness in online learning environments, which are becoming increasingly common. In this study, 30 third-year learners of Spanish as a foreign language completed a one-way information-gap task with an interlocutor using Skype text-chat. On vocabulary errors, learners received either immediate or delayed error repetition plus recast, or no CF. Results revealed both CF groups significantly outperformed the comparison group on an oral picture description task, with no significant differences between immediate and delayed CF. Results may be due to the salience of the CF modality, type, and target.

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Despite the growing interest in incorporating textual glosses into second language (L2) reading in hypermedia and paper media, no agreements have been reached as to whether and what extent a textual gloss facilitates L2 learners’ vocabulary acquisition in hypermedia and paper media. The present study meta-analysed the overall effects of textual glosses and different glossing types (i.e. language, location, and mode) on L2 vocabulary acquisition, as well as the moderation effects on the variability of L2 vocabulary acquisition effect sizes. Based on a comprehensive search, 20 studies involving 2,291 participants that have quantitatively documented the changes of L2 vocabulary gains through a pre-and-post textual glosses design were identified and coded in order to retrieve moderator variables. The results show the following: (1) textual glossing has a medium effect on L2 vocabulary acquisition; (2) the effect of textual glosses on L2 vocabulary acquisition persists over time; (3) glossing location and glossing mode significantly impact the effect of textual glosses on L2 vocabulary acquisition but glossing language has no definite effect; and (4) outcome measure is the only moderator variable among the three influencing factors on vocabulary acquisition. These results are further discussed with reference to existing studies and theory of second language acquisition.

This study examines the effects of word frequency and typographical enhancement (i.e., words in bold) on the learning of single words in Spanish L2 reading activities in a classroom setting. Learners read a text in which target words appearing in bold occurred one, five or 10 times. A parallel text was also provided in which those same words appeared un-bolded. Students were tested three times on both spelling and meaning of the target words: before, immediately after and two weeks after the reading activity. Results show that: (1) after five or 10 encounters, both spelling and meaning recognition skills increase; (2) words appearing in bold only lead to learning gains at a form recognition level immediately after the test is taken and do not contribute to the acquisition of meaning in the post-test; and (3) there is no interaction between typographical enhancement and frequency.

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Este trabajo pretende examinar los efectos de la frecuencia y el realce tipográfico (negrita) en el aprendizaje de palabras individuales a través de la lectura en el aula de español como L2. Los aprendientes leyeron un texto con palabras meta que aparecían 1, 5 o 10 veces. Este tenía a su vez una versión paralela en la cual dichas palabras aparecían en negrita. Los estudiantes fueron examinados en el reconocimiento de la forma y del significado de las palabras meta en tres ocasiones: antes, inmediatamente después y dos semanas después de la actividad de lectura. Los resultados demostraron que (1) el reconocimiento de la forma y del significado se incrementa cuando la palabra aparece repetida 5 o 10 veces; (2) el realce únicamente favorece el reconocimiento ortográfico inmediatamente después de la realización de la prueba y no contribuye al aprendizaje del significado; y (3) no existe interacción entre frecuencia y realce.

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According to Hopp’s Lexical Bottleneck Hypothesis, difficulties in second language (L2) lexical processing may lead to non-target syntactic computations. In line with this hypothesis, cognates – which are processed faster than non-cognates, as defined by the cognate facilitation effect – can ease L2 syntactic processing. In order to investigate whether cognates additionally facilitate L2 syntax learning, we had two groups of Spanish natives learn an artificial language drawing on Basque. Each group explicitly learnt a set of either Spanish–Basque cognates or non-cognates and a word order grammatical rule. Then, two sentence–picture matching tasks tested their ability to apply the rule (1) with cognates vs. non-cognates and (2) with novel cognate words. Results showed that, in both cases, cognate learners were better at applying the rule than non-cognate learners. This finding suggests that the cognate facilitation effect and its role in the Lexical Bottleneck Hypothesis can be extended from L2 processing to L2 learning. We end by mentioning possible implications of our results for second language teaching in adulthood.

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Glossing is a widely used and examined vocabulary learning tool, and one of the major branches of glossing research has compared the relative effects of first language (L1) and second language (L2) glosses on reading comprehension and vocabulary learning. However, the findings in this literature have not been consistent, calling for a comprehensive and systematic review. To this end, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relative effects of L1 and L2 glossing on L2 reading comprehension and L2 vocabulary learning. Based on 78 effect sizes gathered from 26 studies representing 30 independent samples (N = 2,189), we found that L1 glossing was more effective than L2 glossing in general (Hedge’s g = .33, SE = .09, p < .001), but the effect size may vary depending on the target outcome measure. The relative effectiveness of L1 glossing was particularly supported by the results of immediate posttests of vocabulary, rather than delayed posttests of vocabulary and reading comprehension tests. Further, among a few selected moderator variables, the results of meta-regression revealed that learners’ L2 proficiency level significantly influenced the average effectiveness, such that L1 glossing is particularly effective for beginner learners compared to those with intermediate or higher L2 proficiency levels.

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