Bibliografía - inglés

Vídeo sobre el funcionamiento del cerebro y su relación con el aprendizaje.  

 

Want to learn a new language but feel daunted or unsure where to begin? You don't need some special talent or a "language gene," says Lýdia Machová. In an upbeat, inspiring talk, she reveals the secrets of polyglots and shares four principles to help unlock your own hidden language talent -- and have fun while doing it.

Texto completo pdf icon

This article presents the Spanish version of the Computer-Assisted Listening and Speaking Tutor (CALST), an online platform that can be used to complement pronunciation training in the classroom. The Spanish CALST offers listening, speaking, and spelling exercises for Northern-Central Peninsular Spanish as an L2. Exercises are tailored by an automatic comparison with the learner’s native language based on a database of phonetically specified phoneme inventories for over 500 languages, with the result that learners with different L1s are exposed to different exercises adapted to their specific needs. In this article, we present a description of the exercises as well as the criteria used to develop Spanish content for CALST. We discuss the limitations of the platform, the logging of user results as a partial solution to these limitations, and the possible future use of the logged data to increase our understanding of L2 acquisition.

The paper offers a cognitively oriented approach to the Spanish subjunctive. This verb form is examined in light of Langacker’s grounding theory. In my understanding, the ground is defined as the communication situation with three inherently interrelated components: temporality, modality and evidentiality. The subjunctive is then analysed in relation to these three categories. Particular attention is paid to the evidential component of the ground and its relationship to the Spanish subjunctive. I define the contexts in which the subjunctive appears as grounding inhibitors. Consequently, the subjunctive is understood as a verb form lacking temporal, modal and evidential grounding (in opposition to the indicative, which denotes fully grounded processes).

Polyglots are usually very good at learning languages by themselves, without teachers. This ability is often attributed to a special talent that they have, but Lýdia believes it comes down to a different quality – self-discipline. Learning a language from zero to a comfortable B2 level by yourself takes a lot of time and dedication and if you’re doing this by yourself, you need to be either extremely motivated to learn that language, or well-disciplined. That’s why most people find it so difficult and often give up after a few weeks or months. There is, however, quite a simple solution to this problem: learning systematically. If you create a plan in your learning, all you need to do is follow its simple steps, day by day, week by week, month by month. You don’t have to ask yourself “Do I feel like learning today?” over and over again. Lýdia trusts that anyone can turn into a successful autodidact (i.e. learn a language by themselves) if they find the right methods to learn and if they create a realistic plan. In her talk, she’ll give concrete examples of how such a plan may look, based on hundreds of examples of her students.

In an Integrated Plurilingual Approach (IPA), translation is used as a natural plurilingual learning strategy to advance language learning and plurilingual communicative competence (PCC). The focus lies on exploring the use of translation in other learning contexts (TOLC), i.e., not directly related to professional translation training, by seeking relevant connections between Translator Training and Additional Language (AL) Learning. Here I will present partial conclusions from an ongoing study that explores: (1) teacher strategies; and (2) best practices for the combination English-Spanish-Catalan. Our pedagogical framework follows socio-constructivist premises and prioritizes transferrable skills and concept-based instruction. The use of translation did not prove detrimental to language learning, and it favoured the development of multi-competential knowledge and of cognitive, meta-cognitive and socio-affective learning strategies.

------------------

En el Enfoque Plurilingüe Integrador (EPI), la traducción se considera como una estrategia plurilingüe natural para avanzar en el aprendizaje de lenguas y en la competencia comunicativa plurilingüe. Se centra en el uso de la traducción en otros contextos de aprendizaje (TOLC, por sus siglas en inglés), es decir, no relacionada directamente con la formación de traductores profesionales, y busca conexiones relevantes entre la formación de traductores y el aprendizaje de idiomas. Aquí presentaré conclusiones parciales de un estudio en curso que explora: 1) las estrategias del profesor y 2) buenas prácticas para la combinación inglés-español-catalán. Aplicamos un marco pedagógico socioconstructivista que prioriza destrezas transferibles y la enseñanza basada en conceptos. El uso de la traducción no resultó ser perjudicial para el aprendizaje de lenguas, y favoreció el desarrollo multicompetencial y estratégico cognitivo, metacognitivo y socioafectivo.

Texto completo pdf icon

This study investigated the effectiveness of word-frequency and teacher judgments in determining students’ vocabulary knowledge and compared the predictive powers of both approaches when estimating vocabulary knowledge. Twenty-nine second language (L2) Spanish teachers were asked to predict how likely their students would know words from a 216-word Yes/No test that measures knowledge of the first 3,000 words in Spanish. The accuracy of their responses was compared with the results of 1,075 L2 Spanish students who completed the same test. To examine if the results could generalize to other L2 settings, 394 L2 English students completed a 70-word Yes/No test that measures knowledge of the first 14,000 words in English, and 15 L2 English language instructors attempted to predict which words would or would not be recognized. Results showed that for both language contexts, (1) the median teacher rater could assess students’ vocabulary knowledge with an accuracy roughly comparable to frequency, (2) the combination of teachers’ judgments displayed a stronger relationship with students’ performance on the vocabulary test than frequency, since the average of three or more teachers’ ratings improved upon frequency when examined with 1,000 bootstrapped samples, and (3) using teacher judgments and frequency together did not substantially improve the prediction of students’ vocabulary knowledge.

Yi Wang, Li Wei (2022)

Does the language we speak affect the way we think? This Element provides a synthesis of contemporary research on the interplay between language and cognition in speakers of two or more languages and examines variables deemed to impact bilingual acquisition and conceptualization of language-specific thinking patterns during L2 learning. An overview of different yet interrelated studies is offered across a variety of conceptual domains to illustrate different approaches and key variables. The comparison of monolingual and bilingual data demonstrates the highly integrative nature between L2 learning and the changing of one's entire cognitive outlook in L2 speakers. This Element makes relevant connections between language learning and bilingual cognition, aiming to shed new light on how learners acquire conceptual distinctions of the target language(s). It also raises theoretical and pedagogical issues that encourage teachers to reflect upon how to incorporate recent advances in language-and-cognition research with aspects of L2 teaching.

Texto completo

In this report, I describe the research and curricular changes I am implementing to deal with issues of inequity encountered by Black students in the Spanish program I direct at Western Michigan University. In the first stage, a comprehensive analysis of student demographics, enrollment, and academic performance over six years revealed that Black and African American students begin Spanish education at high rates but are less likely to advance to courses beyond second-year Spanish and more likely to obtain lower final grades than other groups. These findings are consistent with literature showing similar patterns of participation and achievement among Black students in language learning across secondary and higher education. Following methodologies used in previous studies, the second phase of the project consists of a comprehensive needs analysis composed of surveys, interviews, and class observations aimed at better understanding Black students’ experiences and needs in my department’s Spanish program. Based on results from the needs analysis, the last part of the project will educate personnel in the program on issues of equity and diversity and will implement changes in the curriculum to make our Spanish courses more relevant for Black students. 

Teaching second-language (L2) culture is problematic due to the possibility of creating stereotypes and overgeneralizations about the target culture. Several researchers have proposed raising an awareness of first-language culture (C1) at the same time they raise that of the second language (C2), to promote a “relative” view of the C2. The objective is for learners to recognize themselves and others as “socially constructed”. We propose learning culture through activities based on surveys completed by native speakers (NS) that can lead learners to a deeper understanding of L2 cultural perspectives and practices. To illustrate this approach, target culture data (e.g., folk medicines used or the kinds of housing students live in) were obtained via a questionnaire completed by 154 native-speaker university students in Spain, Peru, Mexico and Argentina. These data were used to create activities asking L2 Spanish learners to (1) compare their own answers to those of the NS, (2) seek an understanding of why the NS responded that way, (3) react in a similar situation in the target culture and language, using NS perspectives and practices, and (4) do research with heritage speakers in their community. In this way, they can develop an “emic” or “insider's perspective” on L2 cultural views, practices, and values.

--------------------------

La enseñanza de cultura en una segunda lengua (L2) puede resultar problemática por la posibilidad de crear estereotipos y generalizaciones excesivas sobre la cultura meta. Varios investigadores han propuesto potenciar la sensibilización hacia la cultura de la primera lengua (C1) al mismo tiempo que se fomenta el interés respecto a la de la segunda lengua (C2), a fin de promover una visión “relativa” de la C2. El objetivo es que los aprendices se reconozcan a sí mismos y reconozcan a otras personas como individuos “socialmente construidos”. Nosotros proponemos aprender cultura mediante actividades basadas en encuestas con hablantes nativos (NS) que puedan facilitar entre los aprendices una comprensión más profunda de las perspectivas y prácticas culturales de la L2. Para ilustrar este enfoque, obtuvimos datos de la cultura meta (p.ej., medicinas tradicionales de uso habitual o tipos de vivienda en que los estudiantes suelen residir) a través de un cuestionario con 154 hablantes nativos que cursan estudios universitarios en España, Perú, México y Argentina. Usamos estos datos para crear actividades en que se pedía a los aprendices de español como L2 que (1) comparasen sus propias respuestas a las ofrecidas por los NS; (2) tratasen de comprender el porqué de las respuestas de los NS; (3) reaccionasen a una situación similar en la cultura y lengua metas, procurando emplear perspectivas y prácticas propias de los NS, y (4) llevasen a cabo una investigación con hablantes de herencia en su comunidad. De este modo, los aprendices pueden desarrollar una perspectiva “émica” (“desde adentro”) sobre puntos de vista, prácticas y valores culturales en la L2.

Texto completo pdf icon

The educational impact of Generative AI (GenAI) technologies, such as ChatGPT, has received significant attention. We use the TPACK framework to discuss the types of knowledge teachers require to effectively use GenAI tools. We highlight the qualities of GenAI that make it like other digital technologies (they are protean, opaque, and unstable) as well as qualities that make it revolutionary (namely, they are generative and social). We describe how these traits affect specific knowledge domains (TK, TPK, TCK, XK, and TPACK) and explore implications for educators. Finally, we argue for a more expansive description of Contextual Knowledge (XK), going beyond the immediate context to include considerations of how GenAI will change individuals, society and, through that, the broader educational context.

Language corpora can play a significant role in second language education, particularly given the benefits of data-driven learning. However, most teachers are not able to effectively utilize technologies that search, summarize, and contextualize corpus samples and lack training in the design and implementation of corpus-based learning tasks and materials. Even though attempts to implement formal teacher training in these areas have started to emerge, they tend to concentrate on English language contexts. Similar experiences in Spanish teacher education are almost non-existent, even though digital literacy is a key competency in the preparation of foreign language teachers. Consequently, Spanish language teachers can only rely on general suggestions on how to integrate corpus methods and resources into their practice. This article reviews the scholarly literature on teacher training on pedagogical uses of corpora and describes ways in which Spanish pre- and in-service teachers can be trained in the use of corpus tools.

--------------------------------

Los corpus pueden jugar un papel importante en la formación de docentes de lenguas, sobre todo, por los beneficios del aprendizaje basado en datos de corpus. Sin embargo, el profesorado encuentra difícil utilizar efectivamente las tecnologías de búsqueda, resumen y contextualización de muestras lingüísticas al carecer de preparación en el diseño e implementación de actividades y materiales basados en corpus. Si bien están surgiendo modelos de formación docente, estos se concentran principalmente en la enseñanza del inglés. Experiencias similares en español son prácticamente inexistentes, a pesar de que la literacidad digital es una competencia clave en la preparación de docentes de segundas lenguas. Consecuentemente, el profesorado cuenta solamente con recomendaciones generales para integrar información de los corpus en la enseñanza. En este artículo se hace una revisión de estudios relevantes sobre la materia y se describen técnicas para el uso de los corpus por parte de docentes en formación y en servicio.

VV. AA. (2022)

This edited book expands the current scholarship on teaching world languages for social justice and equity in K-12 and postsecondary contexts in the US. Over the past decade, demand has been growing for a more critical approach to teaching languages and cultures: in response, this volume brings together a group of scholars whose work bridges the fields of world language education and critical approaches to education. Within the current US context, the chapters address the following key questions: (1) How are pre-service or in-service world language teachers/professors embedding issues, understandings, or content related to social justice, human rights, access, critical pedagogy and equity into their teaching and curriculum? (2) How are teacher educators preparing language teachers to teach for social justice, human rights, access and equity?

Contents
Contributors

Acknowledgments           

Editors' Note

Chapter 1. Cassandra Glynn and Beth Wassell: Rethinking our Introduction: Calling out Ourselves and Calling in Our Field            

Part 1: Disrupting Teaching Stance and Practice in the Classroom         

Chapter 2. Hannah Baggett: What Tension?  Exploring a Pedagogy of Possibility in World Language Classrooms

Chapter 3. Dorie Conlon Perugini and Manuela Wagner: Enacting Social Justice in World Language Education through Intercultural Citizenship

Chapter 4. Joan Clifford: Building Critical Consciousness through Community-based Language Learning and Global Health

Chapter 5. Krishauna Hines-Gaither, Nina Simone Perez, and Liz Torres Melendez: Voces Invisibles: Disrupting the Master Narrative with Afro Latina Counterstories

Chapter 6. Johanna Ennser-Kananen and Leisa M. Quiñones-Oramas: 'Sí, yo soy de Puerto Rico': A Teacher's Story of Teaching Spanish through and beyond her Latina Identity

Part 2: Resisting and Reworking Traditional World Language Teacher Preparation

Chapter 7. Terry Osborn: 'The World' Language Education: New Frontiers for Critical Reflection

Chapter 8. Anke al-Bataineh, Kayane Yoghoutjian, and Samuel Chakmakjian: Can Western Armenian Pedagogy be Decolonial? Training Heritage Language Teachers in Social Justice-Based Language Pedagogy

Chapter 9. Mary Curran: Learning from, with and in the Community: Community-Engaged World Language Teacher Education at Rutgers Graduate School of Education Urban Social Justice Program

Chapter 10. Jennifer Wooten, L. J. Randolph Jr., and Stacey Margarita Johnson: Enacting Social Justice in Teacher Education: Modeling, Reflection and Critical Engagement in the Methods Course

Index

This article argues for translation as a fifth skill in language learning and for its integration in a systematic, purposeful, and informed manner in the Spanish language curriculum, with special attention to the situation in the United States. After reviewing the relevant literature in the fields of translation studies (TS) and language acquisition and teaching, we contend that a narrow, specialized, and one-dimensional view of translation, on the translation side, and a rigid ban on the use of the native language on the part of the SLA/teaching community prevented a fruitful integration of translation in the second language (L2) classroom. A broader conceptual definition of translation as cross-linguistic language mediation provides for a much more promising interaction. Taking this conceptual basis as the point of departure, the article suggests research directions as well as specific curricular ideas and strategies to implement the integration of translation in Spanish language teaching. It also highlights the benefits that can be derived from this reconceptualization of the field, e.g., an improved ability to prepare students and to address a much more complex language learning situation created by issues such as globalization, and increased immigration from/to Spanish-speaking countries

----------------

Este artículo defiende la conceptualización de la traducción como una quinta destreza en el aprendizaje de lenguas y la necesidad de su integración de forma sistemática, estratégica y bien fundada en la enseñanza del español, con un enfoque especial en la situación de Estados Unidos. Tras pasar revista a la literatura en estudios de traducción y de adquisición y enseñanza del español, sostenemos que los factores que han frenado la incorporación de la traducción en la enseñanza de lenguas han sido, por una parte, una visión de la traducción excesivamente especializada y unidimensional y, por otra, la prohibición del uso de la lengua materna en el campo de la enseñanza y adquisición de lenguas. Una conceptualización más amplia de la traducción como proceso de mediación interlingüística constituye la base sobre la que se puede fundamentar una interacción más prometedora. Tomando como punto de partida esta definición, este artículo propone líneas de investigación y sugerencias curriculares para integrar la práctica de la traducción en la clase de español. Además, se enfatizan los beneficios que se pueden derivar de tal visión del campo, tales como la formación de profesionales mejor preparados y la capacidad de afrontar un panorama lingüístico mucho más complejo, resultado de la globalización y del aumento de la migración de países de habla hispana.

Texto completo pdf icon

En la última década, las posibilidades que ofrecen hoy las TIC han aumentado drásticamente la exposición de los estudiantes a diversos textos digitales que utilizan o a los que están expuestos cuando adquieren una lengua extranjera. Los medios impresos se han visto complementados o incluso a veces sustituidos por los medios digitales en todos los niveles de la enseñanza, incluidos los planes de estudio de la enseñanza superior y universitaria. En los últimos tiempos se han llevado a cabo diversas investigaciones sobre el papel de los medios digitales en la adquisición de L2 y este artículo pretende resumir sistemáticamente los resultados de dichas investigaciones, centrándose específicamente en la comprensión lectora. Esta revisión sistemática sigue las directrices PRISMA (Page et al., 2021). Se han recopilado y analizado los estudios de 2010-2021 de Scopus y de Web of Science que tratan el tema. Sólo se han incluido en la búsqueda estudios experimentales en artículos de revistas de investigación revisados por pares. Aplicando este protocolo de revisión, se seleccionaron 15 trabajos para realizar una síntesis. Los resultados se clasificaron en: (a) efecto de los medios en la comprensión lectora, (b) implicaciones pedagógicas, (c) futuras direcciones de investigación. El estudio concluye con algunas discusiones e implicaciones para investigadores y profesionales desde dos perspectivas: la adquisición básica o fundamental de segundas lenguas (FSLA, en sus siglas en inglés) y la adquisición instruida de segundas lenguas (ISLA, en sus siglas inglés).

 

The current affordances of ICT have – in the past decade – dramatically increased the exposure of students to the number of various digital texts they use or are exposed to when acquiring an additional language. The print media has been supplemented or even sometimes substituted by the digital media at all levels of education, including higher education and university curricula. Various research has recently been conducted into the role of digital media in L2 acquisition and this paper attempts to systematically summarize the results of this research, with a specific focus on reading comprehension. This systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines (Page et al., 2021). The 2010-2021 studies from Scopus and the Web of Science dealing with the topic have been collected and analysed. Only experimental studies in peer-reviewed research journal papers have been included in the search. By applying this protocol review, 15 papers were selected for a synthesis. The results were classified as: (a) effect of media on reading comprehension, (b) pedagogical implications, (c) future research directions. The study concludes with some discussion and implications for researchers and practitioners from two perspectives: basic or fundamental Second Language Acquisition (FSLA) and instructed Second Language acquisition (ISLA).

Pages

Revistas